Industrial education has emerged as a crucial strategy for developing vocational skills, particularly in contexts where traditional academic pathways fail to meet the demands of modern labour markets. By integrating theoretical knowledge with hands-on, practical training, industrial education equips learners with competencies necessary for employability, entrepreneurship, and industrial productivity. This literature-based study systematically examines existing research on industrial education and vocational skill development, highlighting its significance in bridging the gap between education and industry. The study identifies key challenges hindering its effectiveness, including inadequate funding, outdated curricula, poor infrastructure, weak industry–school collaboration, and societal undervaluation of vocational training. Comparative insights from developed and developing countries reveal that nations with robust industrial education systems, such as Germany and South Korea, achieve higher employment rates, enhanced productivity, and stronger innovation ecosystems. Strategies for strengthening industrial education are proposed, including curriculum modernization to reflect emerging technologies, increased investment in infrastructure and instructional resources, integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in training, and the promotion of partnerships between educational institutions and industries. Policy reforms, public awareness campaigns, and targeted interventions are also emphasised as critical measures for enhancing the relevance, accessibility, and quality of vocational education. The study concludes that industrial education is not only a tool for individual empowerment but also a catalyst for national economic growth and sustainable development.

Keywords: Industrial education, Vocational skills, Workforce development, Technical training, Employability, Curriculum reform,

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