This article analyses the division of labour and income inequalities in Tanzania. It considers the division of labour as a social phenomenon that enhances the fair distribution of resources among classes of people in society as explained by different scholars and emphasised in Plato’s books. The study used critical, documentary methods and empirical surveys to identify information from different relevant data on the problem and was critically analysed to arrive at the results. The study underscores the division of labour and planning in Tanzania aiming to improve the people’s productivity and welfare.  According to Plato division of labour is emphasised on training of labours that enhances specialization in different economic sectors to solve income inequality problems in the society. The study shows that the central government has a bigger role in the division of labour because it creates a conducive microeconomic environment in resource allocation that may encourage growth. Income inequalities in Tanzania are the centre of this discussion.

However, the division of labour in Tanzania can be conducted through the provision of employment to the people. Employment can be given the vision of this concept; it will encompass legally accepted activities within the national accounts production boundary, activities aiming at attaining decent work, goals, and activities yielding income equivalent to the set sector minimum wage. Also, the Government of Tanzania has various projects planned that aim to increase the income of both individuals and the nation, by knowing that they are planning various projects with various categories that can help people to share a good standard of living.

Also, academic levels including training and research institutions are in a position to improve their teaching curriculum to explain well division of labour and equity to reflect labour market needs. Thus, according to philosophers, guardians and common people work on planning to make the life of people and the world in general look as it is today. So the adaptation of Plato’s Division of labour principle may reduce to a large extent the economic inequality, above it may solve many problems faced by African countries, particularly in Tanzania where some of its leaders are egoistic.

Keywords: Philosophy, Labour, Justice, Income, Inequalities,

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